Stereotypes And Stereotypes Of Western Media - 1459 Words

Stereotypes have the ability to put a person down. To make them feel as if they do not belong. In this cruel society, there is an image being portrayed of every individual. Ethnicity, race, religion, gender, and many more. This image many not describe who you are as an individual, but it is how you are judged by this barbarous world. As more Chinese people came to America, the more they were stereotyped. They did not have the same advantages and treatment as the majority. They were looked down upon as nothing more than cheap, hardworking labor workers who worked in the fields. Western media portrays the Chinese in a negative way, by using the power of stereotyping, where self-harm can be inflicted upon those who are affected by†¦show more content†¦This causes them to become exhausted, depresses, and self-destructive to become the stereotype that everyone thinks they are (Opinion). It is not a bad thing to strive for good grades and such, but the media directs it on ly to the Asian population. No one expects the white, the African American, or any other race that is not the Asian to be born smart. No one is born naturally like that. It takes determination and the willpower to work hard and strive to be the best. In the 1800s, after the California Gold Rush, many Chinese people started moving to the United States looking to strike gold to send back to their poor families. They worked there as a source of cheap labor in wool mills, and cigar, shoe, and garment industries (Luo). They were known for being cheap and hard working. Then in the 1900s, the image of the Chinese changed. They passed African Americans in average household earnings and closed the wage gap with the whites. They became widely mentioned as being glorified because they kept their heads down and never complained. Moving to the 2000s, they became known as threatening degenerates but people were less racist to them because they proved themselves (Guo). They have moved s ignificantly up the socioeconomic ladder and became successful. However, they are still not treated fairly. They are continued to be looked downShow MoreRelatedRepresentations Of Religion And Western Media1499 Words   |  6 PagesRepresentations of Religion in Western Media Islam There is a current obsession in western media, (during the last decade) pertaining to â€Å"Islam and the West†. This current obsession is filled with negative signifiers with the global media’s predominantly negative, and to an extent racist portrayal of Islam and Muslims. Muslims are generally represented as violent, fanatical, bigoted, or as extremists and terrorists. Media coverage of Islam-related issues has changed drastically since the start ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Gangnam Style A K Pop Single By Korean Musician Psy884 Words   |  4 Pagesthe world. The popularity of this song and dance went viral, however, there is an prominent issue with the stereotype of asian males. Gangnam style is a a great example and representation on the emphasis of how established stereotypes of Asian males remain and continue in the media, particularly in Western media. In a personal opinion, Gangnam Style is such a success due to its Asian stereotype that is depicted as b eing fascinating and almost comical. The song has little English words and many peopleRead MoreAsian Women As China Dolls1069 Words   |  5 PagesThis issue remain unsolved because of how media continue to present Asian women as China dolls typically Asian women are always portrayed as submissive, sexy, nymph, obedient, beautiful, Geisha, manipulative and either largely involved in human relationships or focused on home and taking care of the family. Just as consistent cultural views that women are sex objects, beautiful, thin, passive and dumb. You can see in the media that Asian female characters devote their energies improving their appearancesRead More Effects of a Misogynistic Society on Women Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch from secondary sources helps to prove, that the premise that women within a misogynistic society are degraded is true and is reflected through discrimination within the education system, misrepresentation of women in the media and the categoriza tion of stereotypes. In Afghani society, women are victims of domestic violence, inequality and other types of abuse; however, the lack of education also takes an equal, if not greater toll than the abuse these women persevere through on a daily basisRead MoreStereotypes And Their Effect On Attitudes Towards African Americans771 Words   |  4 Pagesare some of the most misunderstood stereotypes of Africa. In Laura Green article the â€Å"Negative Racial Stereotypes and their Effect on Attitudes towards African-Americans† she explain that Stereotypes are cognitive structures that contain the perceiver s knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about human groups . Stereotypes of Africa and Africans can be dated back to slavery. Slavery is a large contributor to the development of stereotypes about Africans. Western societies have portray Africans asRead MoreWhat Are Stereotypes? Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pages Stereotypes are assumptions held about the characteristics of a particula r group of people. These assumptions could be due to their race, culture, country, community and religion. Women are not as smart as men. Men are strong and do all the work. Americans are tolerant but arrogant. Girls are not good at sports. Black people are stronger than white people. Black people are criminals. Old folks are all very old fashioned. All blond women are dumb. Guys are messy and unclean. GirlsRead MoreThe Art of Jihad Documentary1598 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscussing the stereotypes about Islam especially in USA, and how they try to reveal the actual meaning of Islam through their works. Non-Muslim people, especially non-Arabs, do not know the real meaning of Islam. These people always misjudge Muslims and think that Islam tells us not to be peaceful. This happens because of the corrupted media as it displays the wrong stereotypes of Islam. But after watching this documentary I found out that there are still some educated people in the western society. IRead MoreThe Mi ddle East821 Words   |  4 Pagesperceived but also what Arabs are either consciously or unconsciously considered to be, commonly violent. Arabs stereotype is a notion that imagines, exaggerates and emphasizes the cultural differences between the East and the West. The idea stands for the orientalist belief of how the West understands the Arabs. In recent years, it has become more common to see the mainstream western media misinterpret Arabs. Arabs are described in racially offensive and stereotypical caricatures, many of which wereRead MoreMedia Portrayal of Islam Essay760 Words   |  4 Pagessuppressor of women, enemy of Western nations, and breeder of terrorists. The West has many stereotypes and misconceptions about Islam that are due to the media, prejudice, and ignorance. Islam is often seen as an extremist or terrorist religion. Often, the medias reports about Islam are incorrect due to ignorance or not wanting to acknowledge its true teachings. This is one of the reasons why Westerners are often wary of Muslims. In contrast to what the media portrays, Islam is a peacefulRead MoreTattoos Are A Symbol Of Sexual And Bodily Freedom1447 Words   |  6 Pages The practice of tattooing has been used around the globe for ages, particularly in tribal societies. However, there has been an increase in this type of body art in Western society over the last century, regardless of its savage-like connotations. Tattoos are viewed by many women as a symbol of control over their bodies, which challenges their historically rooted dependence on men. In this paper, I will argue that although tattoos are a symbol of sexual and bodily freedom for many women, men often

The Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin - 949 Words

Emotions expressed in an author’s writing is a part of them written on paper. Every writer expresses themselves differently, and this is not a curse but a blessing. As the reader, I am able to grasp the emotion of the author during the moments of writing such stories. I can, not only, feel the emotion, but also understand why the emotion was felt. A great writer can pull any reader into â€Å"their world.† Kate Chopin’s A Story of an Hour is a grand example of this ability, as well as Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Young Goodman Brown. As I read these stories, I could not help but be forced into the scene the story is taking place. I took in, not only, the tone and theme of the stories, but both stories are also suspenseful. Therefore, I was unable to break free and the tone of the stories rattled in my brain. The tone of these stories, to me, are both cynical. A woman finds out her husband has died, and she is feeling happy, in addiction to feeling free. In most cases, a woman losing her husband weighs heavily on her for years, but Mrs. Mallard felt joy. A cynical way of seeing her husband’s death, just as Goodman Brown walking through the forest to meet the devil is cynical in itself. Goodman Brown also finds out that everyone he thought served God actually served the devil. His father and his father before him met with the devil just as he is now. Goodman Brown is, not only, shocked by this comment but is completely in disbelief. The old woman he visited constantly as a child, theShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1241 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin is a wonderful short story bursting with many peculiar twists and turns. Written in 1894, the author tells a tale of a woman who learns of her husband’s death, but comes to find pleasure in it. Many of the elements Kate Chopin writes about in this story symbolize something more than just the surface meaning. Through this sh ort story, told in less than one thousand one hundred words, Kate Chopin illustrates a deeper meaning of Mrs. Mallard’s marriage with herRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin855 Words   |  4 PagesThe Story of an Hour In the â€Å"Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin, is about pleasure of freedom and the oppression of marriage. Just like in Kate Chopin’s story, inside most marriages, even the ones that seem to be the happiest, one can be oppressed. Even though, one might seem to be happy deep inside they miss the pleasure of freedom and living life to the fullest. Just like, in this story Mrs. Mallard feels trapped and when she hears about her husband’s death she first feels distraught, but ultimatelyRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1457 Words   |  6 PagesEmotions and Death Everyone who reads a story will interpret things slightly different than the person who reads it before or after him or her. This idea plays out with most every story, book, song, and movie. These interpretations create conflict and allow people to discuss different ideas and opinions. Without this conflict of thought there is no one devoting time to debate the true meaning of a text. Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† tells about a woman who is informed of her husbands deathRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin987 Words   |  4 PagesIn Kate Chopin’s short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour† reader’s see a potentially long story put into a few pages filled with rising action, climax and even death. In the beginning of the story, character Louise Mallard, who has a heart condition, is told of the death of her husband by her sister and one of her husband’s friends. Afterwards Mrs. Mallard is filled with emptiness and then joy of freedom. This joy of freedom is actually what consequently leads to her death in the end when she discoversRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin1061 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout the short story, â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, readers are introduced to characters whose lives change drastically in the course of this writing. Through Kate Chopin’s story we can identify many different themes and examples of symbolism in her writing. Chopin’s choice of themes in this writing are no surprise due to the time frame of which this story was written. Chopin often wrote stories with of women’s rights, and is noted as one of America’s first open feminists. As this story of an ill, helplessRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin972 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Story of an Hour† by Kate Chopin expresses Ms. Mallard’s feelings towards her husband’s death in an appalling train accident. Due to her bad heart, her sister Josep hine had to be the bearer of bad news and approach his death gently to her. According to the quote, â€Å" But now there was a dull stare in her eyes, whose gaze was fixed away off yonder on one of those patches of blue sky. It was not a glance of reflection, but rather indicated a suspension of intelligent thought†, it lets us know thatRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin998 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The story of an hour† by Kate Chopin was a story that was ironical yet profoundly deep. As a student I have been asked to read â€Å"a story of an hour† many times, and every time I’m surprised by how I enjoy it. People can read thousands of stories in their life times and only a handful will every stand out to them, stories that can draw out an emotion or spark a thought are the ones that will standout more. For me and â€Å"a story of an hour† the thought of freedom is what draws me the most as a teenageRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kat e Chopin1542 Words   |  7 PagesIn the short story, â€Å"Story of an Hour†, Kate Chopin writes about a woman with heart trouble, Mrs. Mallard, who, in finding out about the death of her husband, Mr. Mallard, experiences some initial feelings of sadness which quickly transition into the exhilarating discovery of the idea of a newfound freedom lying in front of her. When it is later revealed that her husband is not actually dead, she realizes she will not get to taste that freedom. The devastation kills her. What Mrs. Mallard goes throughRead MoreThe Story of an Hour by Kate Chopin596 Words   |  2 PagesIn â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† Kate Chopin focuses on the idea of freedom throughout the story. Mrs. Mallard is a lonely wife who suffers from heart trouble. She is told by her sister Josephine and her husband’s friend Richards that her husband has passed away in a train accident. She locks herself in a room expecting to be devastated, but instead feels freedom. Later, she exits her room and her husband walks through the door, causing her to die of a heart attack. Chopin uses this story to demonstrateRead MoreThe Story Of An Hour By Kate Chopin886 Words   |  4 Pages In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, the reader is presented with the theme of prohibited independence. In Kate Chopin â€Å"The Storm†, the scenery in this story builds the perfect atmosphere for an adulterous affair. The importance of these stories is to understand the era they occurred. Kate Chopin wrote stories with exceptional openness about sexual desires. In â€Å"The Storm†, a short story written by Kate Chopin in a time when women were expected to act a certain way and sexual cravings was considered

Analysis of Good and Evil in The Crucible Essay Example For Students

Analysis of Good and Evil in The Crucible Essay It was a play with tremendous feelings with many inside twists hidd en in the archives of the true story. It was a play with emotional feelings; feelings of anger , hate, and evil, yet feelings of manipulation, good, and pureness. It was the Crucible. A fireball of guilt, evil, and good compiled into one magnification. The Crucible: Good versus Evil. The play contained many scenarios of good versus evil, and the characters who generally possessed these feelings and intentions. But it must be understood t hat there were the intentions, the incentives, and then the actions taken out on a person or a group of people. Every character could either be placed in the intentions under good or bad intentions. Aft er that, almost every character has mixed feelings of evil or good actions. We will write a custom essay on Analysis of Good and Evil in The Crucible specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The fight between the centre of evil and the centre of good is the foremost important of the points. Abigail Williams is the nucleus of all evil in the story. Sh e is the one who triggers off this sense of hate in the play. She tempts Proctor into lechery, and comm its unlawful acts which all are against the Puritan religion. To escape punishment for dancing, she deflects the actions and blames them on someone else, and does not care how many lives she ruins. La ter when she grows into power and influence, she seems to enjoy sending these innocent peopl e their deaths. She takes pleasure in her lies, and thrives on the attention and power that th ey bring her. All these are the aspects of being the evil character. Power, attention, and acts of w rongful doing. Therefore she can be labelled with being the evil character in the novel. She uses evi l actions disguised as good by admitting who was with the devil. Of course the people she accuses a re actually innocent, but she has the ability to manipulate people into believing that she is doin g good. This again is evil. The centre of good can be labelled as John Proctor. He is considere d the hero of the story, because he fits into the points that make up the hero of a story. Pr octor is a heroic martyr at the end of the play, when he falsely admits that he was with Satan all a long. He then refuses to tell the judge and accuse anyone of being with Satan too like Abigail did. Th erefore he may be considered a martyr, for dying for a cause of saving the lives of other innocen t people. John Proctor also tries to defend his wife, and attempts to make the judge realize how Abiga il is manipulating him. This is where the conflict arises between good and evil. It is survival o f the fittest. Who will survive at the end? Abigail Williams or John Proctor? This is the main battle o f the story. John Proctor is not a saint in this story either.  He does possess s ome fragments of evil in his soul. His intentions are to do good and that justice is served, but he wants this so badly, that he also turns to evil incentives to kill Abigail subliminally for w hat she is doing. At the latter part of the play, he tries to use evil to counter evil by saying he was w ith the devil. His intentions are to do good, but that is really against the Puritan Code, and hence i s considered evil. One more fault that Proctor has was for committing lechery with Abigail. This is ev il, because it is against the Puritan rules. Abigail and Proctor are both at fault. .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da , .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .postImageUrl , .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da , .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:hover , .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:visited , .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:active { border:0!important; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:active , .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9363186a8ba6104e87497eca644aa8da:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Crucible Reputation EssayAnn Putnam was greatly influenced by Abigails doings, that she beg an to follow the same strategy. She then accuses Rebecca Nurse of witchery to escape her a ccusation. This deflection is just used to keep herself out of trouble. Consequently, Ann Putnam i s then considered evil, for using deflection. Marry Warrens intentions at the beginning of the story were to do good and justice. But she sees that when she is in trouble, she also needs someone to defl ect the punishment on. This greed results in her saying that Proctor was associated with Satan, and that he possessed her and made her do all of her wrong actions. Her intentions were first good , but then her actions turned into pure evil, just like Abigail had done. Reverend Hale also is deceived into the traps of Abigail, and accid entally goes along with her plans. He thought he was doing good, but his actions turned out to be evil and wrong. He later realizes that he was being manipulated by Abigail, and decides to ma ke up for his actions, so he can be good. Hale begins by visiting the accused in jail and telling them to confess to being with the Devil, so they may get out alive. This action is wrong against t he Puritan code, but his incentives are to do good, so the people will not be executed for no reason. He can therefore be considered good at the end of the story. One very important battle that is not very obvious in the story is with God and the Devil, being good and evil. The question is will the accused people be sent to heaven with the good God, or will they burn in hell with the evil Satan? This is mainly what t he whole play is based on. The Puritan religion is the reason for why the people are being executed . In conclusion, there is a substantial difference between the forces of good and evil in the play. The forces of good always tried to do what was best for everyb ody, even if it meant breaking some Puritan laws. The evil group did whatever was best for themselv es. They were greedy, and had no consideration for others. But one  thing that must be remember ed is usually, the good always prevails over the forces of evil. It was not the same in The Crucibl e. In the end, Abigail had succeeded in her wrong doing, and had killed Proctor. For once, evil emerged victorious

Task Analysis Essay Example

Task Analysis Essay Law and Management in Occupational Health and Safety Patients in the Perioperative environment are often required to be repositioned on the operating table and most of these patients have had a regional or general anaesthetic, making it impossible for them (the patient) to assist staff in that repositioning. The added risk in any repositioning is loss or damage to the patients’ airway, and maintaining the patients’ musculoskeletal alignment, so as to not cause any damage to nerves, muscles, limbs, spine and or neck etc. The repositioning should be assessed to determine if it can be done manually or by some assistive devices. During the surgery it may be necessary to lift the patients’ legs, arms or head to prepare the area for sterile field draping, which may result in nursing or theatre support staff at risk of musculoskeletal injuries, and in situations where bariatric patients (over 100kgs) the manual handling staff may need limb holding devices. Prior to surgery, the anaesthetic nurse, anaesthetist, surgeon, theatre support technician or orderly should plan and collaborate regarding positioning, support and moving devices as well as the technique which will be utilised in the moving and repositioning of the patient – during and after the procedure when the patient will be transferred on to another bed for the post-operative recovery period. When transferring a patient from patient bed to operating table, it is important to have enough staff to assist with the transfer and to use the correctly placed support devices as well as using good body mechanics (ergonomic techniques). We will write a custom essay sample on Task Analysis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Task Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Task Analysis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When patients are obese it may be necessary to use soft gel straps to support the patients legs so that they do not move off the operating table and cause debilitating and painful nerve damage. This project is to develop a Safety Management Plan to implement a safe practical way to identify, assess and control risks in the Perioperative environment (Operating Theatre) specifically relating to the lateral transfer and or movement of patients requiring surgery at this hospital facility. Perioperative Manual Handling Safety Management Plan Perioperative Manual Handling Safety Management Plan Using the 5 step process in the Queensland Government risk assessment plan the following matrix is how the Perioperative unit could benefit from experienced, safety motivated and interested staff could act as agents for change and safety in a more deliberate and focussed way to reduce the hazard of musculoskeletal injuries to staff especially in the task of laterally transferring patients from the operating table to the postoperative bed. These patients are usually unconscious and unable to assist or communicate their needs and concerns at this time. Perioperative Safety Management – Risk Identification and Controls| Step 1| Look at the Hazard * Musculoskeletal disorders in nursing staff and orderlies when undertaking a lateral or horizontal transfer of unconscious patient from operating table to post-operative bed| How to look for HazardsKnowledge and Understanding Manual Handling Policies * Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001 * Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 * Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008 * Manual Handling Training especially regarding unconscious patients| What to look for * Practices that are causing discomfort either for the member of staff or patient * Practices that are likely to cause nerve or musculoskeletal injuries – shoulder, fingers, wrist, forearm, back, neck, sciatic nerve, knees, ankles| Step 2| Decide who might be harmed and how * Nursing Staff * Orderlies * Anaesthetists * Surgeons/Assistants * Recovery Staff | Assess the riskHow might someone b e harmed * Injury to patient when moving the unconscious patient from operating bed to recovery bed with a supported airway * Lateral or sideways movement requiring pushing, pulling and lifting of limbs by team members * The staff member who controls move not always in ‘sync’ with rest of team – uncoordinated transfer * Existing musculoskeletal disorders experienced by staff and patients| What is this harm? * Airway becoming dislodged * Back, Neck, arm, shoulder injury to staff using Manual Handling techniques and devices * Uncoordinated transfer * Sideways twisting for person holding feet during transferHow likely is this harm? According to the consequences/ likelihood matrix below * Injury to patient – likely/major consequences * Unplanned airway removal – likely/major to catastrophic * Musculoskeletal injury – likely/moderate to major * Exacerbating and worsening musculoskeletal disorders– likely/major to catastrophic (permanent loss of employment) * Team unpreparedness – likely/minor major| Step 3| Decide the control measures| Regulations ? * Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 * Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008Codes of Practice? * Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001What are existing controls? * Mater Operating Theatres Manual Handling Policies and Clinical Practices Manual * Manual Handling Training – Generic – needs to be targeted especially movement and care regarding unconscious patientsAre controls as high as possible? Current Manual Handling training stands at a compulsory slide sheet in-service lasting approximately 5 minutes every six months * In-service is generic and not specifically targeted to moving unconscious patients who are not able to follow instructions or cooperate with staff requests in this lateral move post operatively * Training needs to be comprehensive and developed with ergonomic and physical therapist input so that staff movement and body positioning minimises potential and foreseeable damage to limbs, nerves, shoulders and lower backs * Equipment needs be demonstrated in a non-clinical simulation before using on any patients to maximise the potential for team confidence and competence in the use of equipment – minimising harm in actual situations| Do controls protect everyone? * Controls at present minimise the importance of Manual handling techniques * Manual handling needs to have a higher profile in the unit so that it is possible to protect patients, staff and visiting surgeons and anaesthetists * Controls in place are in policy manuals, and highlighted at orientation (can be months after starting employment). * New staff are on the job immediately and therefore don’t have ‘training’ at the best and high est level of competency and developmentWhat additional controls are required? Higher profile on training by manual handling experts * Regular manual handling workshops and training groups in simulated situations = staff practice on other staff. * In-service and practical demonstrations to highlight the importance of correct posture for staff, correct lateral moving techniques and equipment for staff * Correct and helpful exercises that staff can do ‘on the run’ so that the manual handling tasks are done after staff are ‘warmed up’ * Weekly highlights on noticeboard on an important point regarding safe lifting, moving and back care for staff = many hospitals and aged care centres have excellent back injury prevention programs and are readily available at websites and search engine destinations. Step 4| Put Control measures in placeOHamp;S representative to Train and utilise staff who are Interested and experienced in Manual Handling of people| Developing a p lan for improving controlsTrain the Trainer programs for interested personnel not necessarily Registered Nurses (Enrolled Nurses with experience and interest)Train staff in the Incident Reporting Program and to build Staff confidence in using the software – when a hazard is reported or an injury – Staff need to be confident that it will be followed up and that negative consequences of hazard identification and reporting are not safe practices in the workplace | Improving controls * Making the Incident reporting program more user friendly and encourage staff to use the program and give timely feedback on statistics * Encourage staff to report all injuries and near misses so that the unit builds a culture of ‘safety is every ones business and responsibility’ * Make safety a priority and that means staff safety as well as patient safety – reward safety issues and hazard reporting * Encourage staff to come up with solutions to risks and hazard identifi cation – involve everyone| Step 5| Review the Controls * 3 monthly reviews of competencies and updating of training for any new staff * Staff surveys to indicate self- satisfaction of training and competencies| Are the controls working? * Feedback from Staff self-satisfaction surveys * Anecdotal feedback from workshops and training sessions * Improvement or decline – what would staff change or improve? | Are there any new Problems? * New staff training before actually moving a patient * Generic manual handling policies * Minimum lateral transfer equipment – slide sheet and patslide? Hovermat beds possible? * People not lifting feet when patslide positioned – heel damage or pain if patslide strikes patients heel or ankle? * Apathy, lack of interest and poor technique? | PURPOSE AND SCOPE of Safety Management Plan Mercy Health and Aged Care Central Queensland Limited (MHAACCQ, 2010) is committed to the provision of a place of work that is safe and without r isk to the health, safety and welfare of its employees, or any other person of our workplace We believe that * All injuries can be prevented * Working safely is a condition of employment * Employee involvement is essential * Management are ultimately accountable for safety Munn (2011) suggests that tasks performed in the perioperative environment may present a high risk to staff for musculoskeletal injuries relating to patient handling include * Transferring patients on and off operating tables ( in this case Lateral pushing and pulling of up to 180 kgs) * Repositioning patients on operating table ( this unit has weight limits on operating table 300 kgs) * Lifting and holding patients extremities – orthopaedic, cosmetic and general surgery * Standing for prolonged periods of time – scrub nurse has limited movement whilst scrubbed * Holding retractors for long periods of time – self retaining retractors not always suitable * Lifting and carrying equipment and supplies Pushing, pulling and moving equipment on wheels – endoscopic and microscopes Manual Handling is a major cause of injury in health care facilities. Manual handling regulations require a hazard identification, risk assessment and control approach. Obligations and the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 The Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 imposes obligations on people at workplaces to ensure workplace health and safety. This is done when persons are free from the risk of death, injury or illness created by workplaces, relevant workplace areas, work activities or plant and substances for use at a workplace. Ensuring workplace health and safety involves identifying and managing exposure to the risks at your workplace. RESPONSIBILITIES Part 3, Division 2, Section 28 Obligations of persons conducting business or undertaking (1) A person (the relevant person) who conducts a business or undertaking has an obligation to ensure the workplace health and safety of the person, each of the person’s workers and any other persons is not affected by the conduct of the relevant person’s business or undertaking. (2) The obligation is discharged if the person, each of the person’s workers and any other persons are not exposed to ri sks to their health and safety arising out of the conduct of the relevant person’s business or undertaking. (3) The obligation applies— (a) whether or not the relevant person conducts the business or undertaking as an employer, self-employed person or otherwise; and (b) whether or not the business or undertaking is conducted for gain or reward†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Work Health and Safety Act 1995 (Qld) Part 3, Div 1, Section 26 (3) If a code of practice states a way of managing exposure to a risk, a person discharges the person’s workplace health and safety obligation for exposure to the risk only by— (a) adopting and following a stated way that manages exposure to the risk; or (b) doing all of the following— (i) adopting and following another way that gives the same level of protection against the risk; (ii) taking reasonable precautions; (iii) exercising proper diligence. † People handling activities and injury The most frequently injured body part s from people handling activities undertaken without assistance are the back, shoulders and wrist. People handling activities can contribute to a number of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMDs) including: a) Low Back Disorders (injuries to muscles, ligaments, inter-vertebral discs and other structures in the back). b) Tendon Disorders (injuries affecting the tendons in the wrist, and elbows particularly). c) Nerve Disorders (injuries affecting the wrist, neck and shoulder). d) Upper limb muscle strains (injuries affecting the rotator cuff* and forearm particularly). â€Å"WRMDs occur in two ways: gradual wear and tear (cumulative trauma) caused by frequent periods of muscular effort involving the same body parts, and sudden damage caused by nexpected movements, intense or strenuous activity, for example, when people being handled move suddenly or when the worker is handling a load beyond their capacity. Gradual wear and tear is the most common way WRMDs occur. Even when an injury seems to be caused by overload, the triggering event might just be the final trauma to tissu es already damaged by previous exposures to people handling and other manual activities. It is recommended that when a healthcare worker needs to lift more than 15. 3 kilos of patient weight, lifting aids should be used. The lateral transfer of a patient from one surface to another, such as from operating table to patients bed, poses a risk to staff for developing musculoskeletal disorders. Some general guiding principles pertaining to the transfer of a patient to an operating table are: * The number of staff involved in a transfer is needed to be sufficient based on the patients weight, and to ensure that ALL extremities are supported and the patients alignment and airway are maintained * The lateral transfer device needs to support the whole length of the patients body * The are where the patient is being transferred to needs to be slightly lower * When a patient is being transferred from supine (on back) to prone (on front) the support equipment (such as pillows or spine table need to be utilised in the transfer * Mechanical devices such as Hover Mat air assisted mattress transfer devices have been devised to assist in the safe transfer of Perioperative patients† Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001, Qld. â€Å" Section 27A Managing exposure to risks (1) To properly manage exposure to risks, a person must— (a) identify ha zards; and (b) assess risks that may result because of the hazards; and (c) decide on appropriate control measures to prevent, or minimise the level of, the risks; and (d) implement control measures; and e) monitor and review the effectiveness of the measures. (2) To properly manage exposure to risks, a person should consider the appropriateness of control measures in the following order— (a) eliminating the hazard or preventing the risk; (b) if eliminating the hazard or preventing the risk is not possible, minimising the risk by measures that must be considered in the following order— (i) substituting the hazard giving rise to the risk with a hazard giving rise to a lesser risk; (ii) isolating the hazard giving rise to the risk from anyone who may be at risk; (iii) minimising the risk by engineering means; (iv) applying administrative measures; (v) using personal protective equipment. 9 Without limiting section 28, discharging an obligation under the section includes, having regard to the circumstances of any particular case, doing all of the following— (a) providing and maintaining a safe and healthy work environment; (b) providing and maintaining safe plant; (c) ensuring the safe use, handling, storage and transport of substances; (d) ensuring safe systems of work; (e) providing information, instruction, training and supervision to ensure health and safety. † Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995, Qld Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001 The People Handling Code of Practice states ways to prevent or minimise exposure to risk due to the handling of people that can cause or aggravate work related musculoskeletal disorders. It applies to any workplace activity requiring the use of force by a person to hold, support, transfer (lift, lower, carry, push, pull, slide), or restrain another person at a workplace. This code outlines practical ways in which a person to whom this code applies can meet the requirements of the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995. Guidance on the broad area of manual tasks in all its forms, including the moving of equipment used for handling people, is provided in the Manual Tasks Code of Practice. What is â€Å"people handling†? People handling refers to any workplace activity where a person is physically moved, supported or restrained at a workplace. Specifically, people handling refers to workplace activities requiring the use of force exerted by a worker* to hold, support, transfer* (lift, lower, carry, push, pull, slide), or restrain* a person* at a workplace. * Exacerbating and worsening musculoskeletal disorders– likely/major to catastrophic (permanent loss of employment) * Team unpreparedness – likely/minor major * http://www. noweco. com/risk/risk04e. gif All people handling activities are a potential source of injury and therefore, a hazard. If you undertake people handling at your workplace, you should use a process to manage the risks associated with this hazard People handling is often only one part of a theatre nurses job. If other parts of the nurses job also involve manual handling of other loads, it is necessary to assess the whole job and manage the risks associated with undertaking those activities which add to the accumulative stress on the worker’s body. 1. People handling activities is a collective term for a group of related people handling tasks. 2. People handling tasks are the specific ‘pieces’ of work undertaken at the workplace, which involve the physical movement of a person. 3. People handling actions are the individual elements of the task and refer to movements which are undertaken. † Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001, Qld. Common work-related actions within people handling tasks which contribute to WRMDs include: * frequent and repetitive lifting with a bent and/or twisted back regardless of weight * static working positions with the back bent, for example, holding a limb during a surgical procedure or providing stability while a person stands â€Å" Manual Tasks Involving the Handling of People Code of Practice 2001, Qld. Risk factors To gain a greater understanding of the relationship between people handling activities and injury, it is useful to consider the ‘risk factors’ which influence the level of risk associated with undertaking people handling tasks. These risk factors can be grouped into two distinct categories: * direct risk factors – which directly stress/injure the worker’s body * contributing risk factors and modifying risk factors which affect how the task or action is done. There are three direct risk factors: * forceful exertion * working postures (awkward, static) * repetition and duration. The risk management process Under the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 (the Act), exposure to health and safety risks that arise from workplace hazards (such as people handling) must be managed. The Act places this responsibility for workplace health and safety upon certain people (such as relevant persons and persons in control of workplaces) Risk management is an ongoing process. It should be undertaken: * now, if it has not been undertaken before * when changes occur at, or are planned for, the workplace * when there are indications for potential injury * after an incident (or ‘near miss’) occurs * at regularly scheduled times appropriate to the workplace. The steps below illustrate the application of the risk management process to managing exposure to the risks associated with people handling. Identification The first step in the process of managing exposure to people handling risks is identification. This step involves identifying people handling tasks, actions within each task, direct risk factors, and, contributing and modifying risk factors The first part of identification is to make a list of those tasks undertaken at the workplace that involve handling people. 1. Consult with workers and observe the tasks. 2. Make a list of all the people handling tasks. 3. Make a list of the actions within each of these tasks 4. For each action, determine which of the direct risk factors are present. 5. For each action, identify the contributing and modifying factors Assessment Assessment involves determining the level of risk associated with each of the people handling actions identified. The desired outcome of the assessment step is a prioritised list of people handling actions requiring control. Further, when more than one people handling task is assessed, then the overall risk estimate for the task can be used to develop a prioritised list of tasks requiring control. Consult with workers throughout this process to assist with determining the level of risk associated with each of the people handling actions and the priority of each task. 1. Consult with the workers. 2. Determine the level of risk associated with each action 3. Prioritise actions for control. In order to prioritise the people handling actions, the risk associated with performing each action should be assessed. It is up to the assessor how this assessment is done. The assessor can choose any method of risk assessment as long as a prioritised list of actions is achieved. A way of assessing risk is to consider the likelihood and consequences of an incident occurring at the workplace. Likelihood – of an incident occurring at the workplace * To estimate the likelihood of an incident occurring at the workplace, the following aspects can be considered: * how often the action is undertaken the number of workers performing the same or a similar action * the duration of time that the action is performed * distractions * the effectiveness of existing control measures * capacity and characteristics of the workers * environment * availability and use of equipment * condition of equipment * injury data/history6. Consequences – of an incident occurring at the workplace To estimate consequences, the severity of a potential injury or illness that could result from performing a people handling action can be considered. Reference can also be made to injury records and statistics, and information on injuries from people handling in related industries for an indication of the potential severity of injury. Use this likelihood and consequence estimate to rank and then, list the people handling actions requiring control. The decision is then made that for some actions, for example, those for which it is very unlikely that an incident would occur and for which the consequences are minor, may not require control. A summary of the assessment process Consult with workers: * Estimate the likelihood of an incident occurring at the workplace. * Estimate the consequences of an incident occurring at the workplace * List the people handling actions in the order of they require control. Questions to ask: * What do the workers think? * What is the likelihood and potential severity of injury associated with each action? * What should be fixed? What should be fixed first? Control Risk control strategies involve: * making decisions about the best measure(s) to control exposure to the contributing and modifying risks identified * implementing the chosen controls. Consultation with workers is an importan t part of this process. Design controls involve the arrangement, or alteration of: * physical aspects of the work area such as equipment or furniture/fittings, or * the work procedure. * Design controls are preferred because they * can eliminate or at least minimise exposure to risk factors * have the advantage of being relatively permanent (compared with administrative controls). For these reasons, implement design controls wherever possible. Administrative controls are achieved primarily by modifying existing personnel arrangements. Administrative controls do not remove the root cause of potential problems. These controls can only reduce exposure to the risk of injury. They might also be forgotten or not followed under stressful or other conditions as they are behaviour based, for example coping with staff reduction It includes consideration of factors such as – * the work postures required to carry out the action, how often it is repeated and for how long. Provide mechani cal aids where appropriate given the sterile environment in the perioperative unit – Hovermats are elpful in reducing the load of manual handling – but these are prohibitively expensive and require as many people to move patient safely as any other method Task-specific training Training in work methods for specific tasks or actions helps workers to carry out these tasks/actions in a safe and effective way. * Controls should not create other risks – the solutions should not result in a transfer of risk, for example, incorrect use of a handling aid, such as a transfer sheet can create forceful exertions on the workers forearm Although all the manual handling issues in the Perioperative are beyond this papers’ parameters, at least this area of patient care should be lifted to a much higher profile from a management, safety and a professional longevity perspective. Low back pain has been described as one of the main occupational problems among healthcare workers and nurses frequently have the highest incidence (Karahan, Kav, Abbasoglu amp; Dogan,2008) What is needed is a consistent, determined and educated effort on the part of the unit manager, nurse educator and occupational health and safety team to implement a program that will drive the manual handling of people to the forefront of safety practices in the unit – where bariatric patients (more than 100kgs) are becoming the norm rather than the exception, across all age groups and gender. Hospital and other care facilities have not generally been designed with the movement of bariatric patients in mind. ( Safework Australia, 2009). It is assumed largely by practicing nurses in the perioperative unit that new staff that join the team have some background in manual handling. Many students report that they have little to no manual handling training, other than hands on with another marginally more experienced nurse directing their work task, this is not a satisfactory or safe method of training – either for the nurse or the patient. Much more emphasis must be directed at the pre-employment and career development process in the safe development and competent use of manual handling techniques of vulnerable, often otherwise well patients who have mostly elective surgery for non- life threatening procedures. As the patient advocate, it is the nurses responsibility to ensure a safe passage through the perioperative journey.

Polanski essays

Polanski essays Roman Polanski, a director raised in Europe, attended a European film school, bringing with him a European take on cinema. Born in Paris, he then moved to Warsaw, Poland at a young age, and was orphaned when his mother and father were held captive in a concentration camp (Taken from Roman Polanski, Virginia Wright Wexman). The research materials I used were photos taken from Repulsion, 1965, Rosemarys Baby, 1968, and The Tenant, 1976. I have also watched a film documentary called Scene by Scene which gives a breakdown of some of Polanskis films, thus enabling me to get an in-depth look directly at the similarities that arise in Polanskis films; and offered me authentication that auteurs do not make different films, but remake the same one many times. I have a number of newspaper articles and film journals which discuss Polanskis life and films. I chose to study this director as a continuation of my AS course. I on viewing these films by the director discovered there many thematic and technical comparisons, which raised the question in my mind, Is this authorial? My plan is to investigate whether this grants Polanski the status of an auteur. Alienation and psychological breakdown are recurring themes in many of Polanskis films which are explored through a numbers of forms and conventions. These are used in the films I have studied to heighten the effects of loneliness and alienation. The items in my catalogue, website printouts, films text books, are relevant to my research for a number of reasons. The newspaper articles I have obtained focus upon Polanskis turbulent personal life. However, the main area in the more academic journals is his strong visual sense, and his preoccupation with marginalised figures. My research methods consisted of me looking things up on websites, reading books in the library and pho ...

Business law case assessment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business law case assessment - Assignment Example They can succeed if it is established that Mercury & Partners owed a duty of care to them and that duty has been breached. On the other hand, Mercury & Partners might look to contend that they had no relation with Elvis and Dionne. There is no privy as there is not contract between them. A contractual liability is different from being liable for negligence. Negligence liability does not require the parties involved to be in a contract. The tort of negligence emanates from the landmark case of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932)1 in which the defendant drank from a bottle of ginger beer which had a snail. It was held that the manufacturer of the bottle had a duty of care to keep the ginger beer free from snails as his bottles were opaque and any unsuspecting user could have drank it. The tort of negligence has five elements: i. Duty of care; ii. Breach of duty; iii. Factual causation; iv. Legal causation or remoteness; v. Harm; Firstly, in order to establish a duty of care, courts apply a â⠂¬Å"threefold test† that was introduced in Caparo v Dickman (1990)2. The three conditions are: i. The harm must be foreseeable; ii. There must be a relation of proximity between the parties involved; iii. It must be fair, just and reasonable to impose liability. In Caparo v Dickman (1990)3, Lord Oliver made it clear that once it is maintained that the harm was foreseeable, the relationship of proximity is automatically established. The courts have to examine whether it is just and reasonable to impose liability. Sometimes, the harm that is done is so remote that it fails the criterion of reasonableness. Most importantly, the individual circumstances of a particular case play a huge role in the establishment of duty of care. The aforementioned criteria are not necessarily the benchmark on which duty of care is to be established in each and every case. For tort of negligence, when duty of care is established, there must a breach of duty and harm must be caused which is the direc t result of the breach of duty. Factual causation is very important as a plaintiff cannot look to hold the defendant liable for a loss or harm that is not a direct result of the defendant’s act of negligence. It is unfair, unjust and unreasonable to hold the defendant liable for an unforeseeable harm. However, a physical harm poses a different question. In the given case, Mercury & Partners are the auditors and they have a duty to prepare their audit reports with reasonable care. There is a wide variety of users that uses audit reports to make important economic decisions. Reliability is a principle that sits at the very base of preparing audit reports. Elvis and Dionne made investments in Holly plc because of the information that they received from the audit report prepared by Mercury and Partners. Their loss was reasonably foreseeable which means that there was a relation of proximity too. There has been a breach of duty which has directly resulted in Elvis and Dionne losin g $100,000 each. All the elements of tort of negligence are there. However, the recovery of the loss might not be possible. In Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd (1964)4, Lord Reid explained that when a negligently made article is broadcast so that a variety of ultimate consumers act on the advice, it is unfair to hold the advisor liable to each and every one of them. Therefore, Elvis and Dionne might just be one of the many ultimate consumers

America Prior to the Civil War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

America Prior to the Civil War - Essay Example The most important changes at the time of industrialization were the development of machines that replaced hand tools, the use of steam and power that substituted for the use of muscles of man animals, and the adoption of factory system. The Industrial revolution started in Great Britain in the mid-18th century. America was behind because its population was more occupied in farming and trading. It was too slow to adopt machineries because, as a new nation, America had little capital for investment. Labor was scarce since men were pushing westward and were engaged in clearing forests, and establishing themselves on the land (â€Å"Economic growth and early industrial revolution†). Industrialization in the United States started in 1790 and is credited to Samuel Slatter who copied the mill technology from the British model. Slatter came to the United States in 1789 and was hired to build a mill. English laws do not allow export of machineries or plans on making it. So Slatter des igned the mill from his memory and built it in 1790. When British products became difficult to obtain because of war, American investors thought of building more factories and machineries; thus, historians aptly called these changes as the first industrial revolution (â€Å"Economic growth and early industrial revolution†). Soon enough, New England developed the important textile industry. The inventions of the spinning and weaving machines operated on water made production more feasible. Other inventions were introduced. In Pennsylvania, smelting in stone furnaces produced iron for machines, tools, and guns. Charcoal was discovered in forested land. Steam driven spinning machines operated in New York by 1810. And by 1814, the first practical power loom was installed in Massachusetts. A factory system of production was also introduced in the shoe production in Massachusetts in the early 19th century (â€Å"Economic growth and early industrial revolution†). The use of m achines paved the way for an organizational strategy that implemented a factory system to increase productivity. The factory structure replaced the output work system wherein small parts of a larger production process were carried out in individual homes. In the factory system, work was done in a centralized location. The new system promoted efficiency in production. All these developments caused New England to be the first area in the United States to be industrialized. Invention in cotton production altered the shape of agricultural production. Prior to industrialization, historians cited farmers playing the pivotal role in the economy. Up to 1850, farmers accounted for 85% of the population (Scott). Tobacco cultivation, once profitable, gave way to cotton production. Cotton has diminished production of cattle, indigo and pine trees in the south. The price of labor increased because of the demand for slaves to work for cotton production. The cheap and easy way of cotton production made it easier for the masses to wear cotton dresses. Facts submitted by Dr. Carolle Scott (1997), a history professor, showed that British demand for cotton and the Midwestern settlement started the regional specialization and trade that now account for the economic term of comparative advantage. The development of machines is an era